The basic concepts of fluid mechanics and hydraulic machine operation, which are crucial for mechanical engineering applications, are introduced in this course. Major topics addressed in the course include fluid properties, fluid statics and fluid dynamics. Students will gain a thorough understanding of fluid motion through the study of the Bernoulli equation, continuity equation and momentum equation. These concepts are essential for analyzing real-world fluid systems in mechanical engineering applications.
The course also focuses on hydraulic machines—devices that utilize fluid power to perform mechanical work. Students will study the design, performance, and applications of hydraulic pumps and turbines, with a focus on efficiency and optimization in mechanical engineering contexts. Practical problem-solving, including the analysis of fluid flow in pipes and hydraulic systems, will be a key component of the course.
Laboratory experiments and simulations will provide hands-on experience. By the end of the course, students will have the skills to analyze and design fluid systems and hydraulic machines, preparing them for real-world mechanical engineering challenges.
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Course Contents |
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Module 1 |
Fluid properties and fluid statics |
8 Hrs. |
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Introduction: Understanding fluids a s a continuum, physical properties - density, specific weight, specific gravity and vapour pressure, examination of Newton's law of viscosity, ideal and real fluids, and Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. compressibility and bulk modulus, surface tension. Types of fluid flow, Fluid Statics: Forces acting on fluid element, Pascal’s law, hydrostatics law, pressure on flat surfaces, total pressure and center of pressure. |
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Module 2 |
Dynamics of fluid flow |
8 Hrs. |
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Euler’s equation, Bernoulli’s theorem and modified Bernoulli’s theorem, stagnation pressure, HGL, TEL. venturimeter, orifice meter, pitot tubes, static pitot tube, momentum equation, moment of momentum equation. Impact of jet - on stationary, and moving flat and curved plates. |
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Module 3 |
Flow through pipes |
8 Hrs. |
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Laws of fluid friction, loss due to friction, loss of head due to i) sudden enlargement ii) sudden contraction iii) entrance of the pipe iv) exit of the pipe v) pipe fittings, flow through series, parallel pipes, power transmission through pipes, efficiency of transmission |
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Module 4 |
Dimensional analysis |
6 Hrs. |
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Principles and Techniques: Dimensional analysis using Buckingham’s theorem. Important dimensionless numbers and their significance, Geometric, kinematic, and dynamic similarity. Model Studies: Froude, Reynolds, Weber, and Mach numbers. Applications and limitations of model testing with practical examples. |
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Module 5 |
Hydraulic Turbines & Centrifugal Pumps |
10 Hrs. |
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Introduction to Hydro power plant, Classification of Hydraulic Turbines, Concept of Impulse and Reaction Turbines. Construction, Principle of Working, design aspects, velocity diagrams Introduction & classification of rotodynamic Pumps, Main Components of Centrifugal Pump, Construction and Working of Centrifugal Pump, Types of heads, Velocity triangles and their analysis, Work done and Efficiency, Series and parallel operation of pumps, Priming of pumps, specific speed, cavitation and NPSH. |
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- Teacher: Dr.Sunil Dambhare
- Teacher: Mr Chetan Pawar